Trigger point injections are used commonly for TMJ disorders and jaw spasms. For TMJ disorders, trigger point injections mainly focus on relieving and reducing muscle pain. Trigger points are taut areas in a muscle which commonly refers pain to a distant site. For example, trigger points in masseters or lateral pterygoid often refer pain to teeth and in several instances, the pain is ONLY present in a tooth or couple of teeth giving an impression of a tooth (dental) issue. Similarly, trigger points in pterygoid muscles can cause pain in the ear and trigger points in sternocleidomastoid and occipitalis can mimic headaches.

What medicine is used for trigger point injections? Depending on the diagnosis and location of the pain, local anesthetics (Lidocaine or Mepivacaine or Bupivacaine), steroids (Triamcinolone), Botulinum toxin (Botox, Xeomin or Dysport) are commonly utilized.

If the pain is due to a chronic TMJ disorder, trigger point injection often have to be repeated at 1-3 month intervals. Like any medicine, trigger point injections can have side effects. Having a detailed understanding regarding diagnosis and possible complication is key to avoiding side effects and maximizing benefit.